Funded by NSF BCS-1917619
Story #2
| (1) | ||||||||
| Si | máva-iko | oi-mo'ã-ta | o-ñemoĩ-ta- | haSubordinator 'ha' | hese | ko | ahẽ | karape? |
| Si | who-Q | 3Sg-believe-Prosp | 3Sg-put-Prosp- | Sub | 3Sg.Pron.Obl | that | devil | small |
[As if] who was going to believe that the little devil was going [to race] with him?
Quien iba a creer que se iba a poner [a jugar con él] ese diablito petizo?
Story #3
| (1) | ||||||||
| Ha | he'i | chupe | jaguarete | rembireko | nd-aipo-ri- | haSubordinator 'ha' | i-ména | hína.Emphasis on 'mena'. Event is continuative independently of 'hina' |
| Conj | 3Sg-say | 3Sg.Pron.IO | tiger | wife | Neg-exist-Neg- | Sub | 3Sg.Pos-husband | Cont |
And the wife's tiger said to him that her husband is not there.
Y le dijo la mujer del jaguarete que su marido no estaba.
Story #4
| (1) | |||||||
| o-sẽ | kavara | o-mombe'u | o-japó-ta- | haSubordinator 'ha' | hóga-pe | karu | guasu. |
| 3Sg-go.out | goat | 3Sg-say | 3Sg-do-Prosp- | Sub | 3.Poss-house-Loc.Prep | meal | big |
the goat went out to say that there was going to be a big meal at this house.
salió la cabra a contar que va a hacer una comilona en su casa.
| (2) | ||||||
| haSubordinator 'ha' | o-jerure | i-chupe | o-ho | haguãIrrealis Subordinator 'ha' | o-vy'a-mi | hendive. |
| Sub | 3Sg-ask | 3Sg.Pron.IO | 3Sg-go | Irr.Conj | 3Sg-have.fun-Dim | 3Sg.Pron-Obl |
and he asked him to go have fun with him.
y le pidió para que vaya a divertirse con él.
| (3) | |||||||
| o-poro-invita- | haSubordinator 'ha' | oi-kó-vo | karu | guasu-rã, | i-sánto | ára | rehe-gua |
| 3Sg-Indef.Pron.Obj-invite- | Sub | 3Pl-be-goal | meal | big-Irr | 3.Poss-saint | day | Obl.Prep-Source |
that he was inviting for a big meal, for his saint day.
que estaba invitando para la comilona, por el día de su santo.
| (4) | |||||
| ha'e | jepé | -ma | chupe | a-ha-ta- | ha.Subordinator 'ha' |
| 3Sg.say | even | -Asp | 3Sg.Pron.IO | 1Sg-go-Prosp- | Sub |
"I even already said to him that I will go."
"hasta ya le dije que voy a ir."
| (5) | |||||
| ha | ha'e | hesarái | kavara | -haSubordinator 'ha' | avei. |
| Conj | 3Sg.Pron.Subj | forgot | goat | -Sub | also |
And she forgot she is also a goat.
y ella se olvidó que también es cabra.
Story #5
| (1) | ||||||
| tovy'a-mi | guasu | kuéra | o-hechá-vo | o-mano- | haSubordinator 'ha' | jaguareté. |
| be.happy-Dim | deer | Pl | 3Pl-see-Temp.Conj | 3Sg-die- | Sub | tiger |
the deer will be happy when they see that the tiger is dead.
que se alegren los venados al ver que se murió el jaguareté.
Story #9
| (1) | |||||||||
| O-hechá | -je | ka'i | la | jaguarete | o-u | -haSubordinator 'ha' | [i]chupe | kuéra | hína,Emphasis on 'chupe kuera' |
| 3Sg-see | -Report.Evid | monkey | Def.Det | tiger | 3Sg-come | -Sub | 3.Pron.IO | Pl | Cont |
It is said that the monkey saw the tiger that was coming towards them.
Dicen que le vio el mono al tigre que venía [hacia] ellos.
Story #10
| (1) | |||||||||
| Peruríma | ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' | he’i | o-guereko- | haSubordinate 'ha' | peteĩ | chavurro | o-kaká | -vaRelativizer 'va' | pláta. |
| Perurima | Report.Evid | 3Sg.say | 3Sg-have- | Sub | one | donkey | 3Sg-defecate | -Rel | money |
It is said that Perurima said that he had a donkey that defecated money.
Se dice que dijo Perurima que tenía un burro que defecaba dinero.
| (2) | ||||||||
| Upé[v]a | ndaje | ha’e, | o-hendú-rõ | guarã | o-ĩ- | haNominalizer 'ha' | la | o-ú-va, |
| Pron.Dem | Report.Evid | 3.Pron.Nom | 3Sg-hear-Cond | Fut.Irr | 3Sg-exist- | Sub | Def.Det | 3Sg-come-Rel |
That way it is said that when he hears that someone is coming,
Así se dice que él, cuando escucha que alguien viene,
Story #11
| He’i | chupe | ha’e | o-menda-se | -haSubordinate 'ha' | la | [i-]tajýrare. |
| 3Sg.say | 3.Pron.IO | 3.Subj | 3Sg-marry-Des | -Sub | Def.Det | [3.Poss-]daughter |
He told him he wanted to marry his daughter.
Le dijo él que quiere casarse con su hija.
Story #12
| (1) | |||
| nda-há’e-i | -haSubordinate 'ha' | vautisádo | kangue-kue. |
| Neg-Cop-Neg | -Sub | baptize | bone-former |
that it had not been baptized.
que no fue bautizado.
| (2) | ||||
| ndéve | a-ofrese | raẽ | va’erã | -haSubordinate 'ha' |
| 2Sg.Pron.IO | 1Sg-offer | first | Mod | -Sub |
I should offer it to you first."
a vos te tenía que ofrecer primero."
| (3) | ||||||||||
| o-mombe’u | chupe | o-hecha | -haSubordinate 'ha' | jepi | peteĩ | yvy | kandú-pe | la | hendý | -vaRelativizer 'va' |
| 3Sg-tell | 3.Pron.IO | 3Sg-see | -Sub | frequently | one | earth | mount-Loc | Def.Det | light | -Rel |
and he told him that he frequently sees something that lightens up on a mount of earth.
y le contó que ve siempre en un montículo de tierra lo que se enciende (llamas de fuego).
Story #13
| (1) | Ha'e | oi-kuaa | aipo | tataindy | karai | re-myendy | vaerã-ha | pono | la | pláta | jára | ni | demonio | o-guahẽ | o-ñe-mo-tie'ỹ. |
| 3Pron | 3-know | dem | fire | blessed | 2s-light | Mod-Sub | So.that | def.det | money | owner | nor | devil | 3-arrive | 3-refl-caus-fright |
He knew that you must light a blessed candle so that neither the owner of the treasure nor the devil appear to frighten (them).
Él sabía que debe encenderse una vela bendita para que el dueño del tesoro ni el demonio aparezcan a asustar (ser atrevido, grosero).
Story #14
| (1) | Upéi-ngo | peteï | karai, | pueblo | Valenzuela-gua, | Médico | Pombéro | o-je-'e-ha, | o-ï-va | Sapukái-pe, | o-mombe'u | i-túva | o-poro-juka-ha-gue | Valenzuela | táva-pe | upe | jave. |
| After-foc | one | man, | town | Valenzuela-place, | doctor | Pombéro | 3-refl-say-Nom | 3-exist-hab | Sapukái-loc, | 3-tell | 3Pos-father | 3-indef-kill-sub.ter | Valenzuela | town-loc | dem | then |
After a man from the town Valenzuela, Doctor Pombero, they called him, who was in Sapukai, said that his father had killed someone in the town of Valenzuela long ago.
Después un señor, del pueblo de Valenzuela, Médico Pombero le decían, que estaba en Sapukai, contó que su papá le había matado a alguien en el pueblo de Valenzuela cuando eso.
| (2) | Ha | ha'e | nd-oi-kuaá-i-va | upe | tolderia | o-ï-va-ha | upé-pe. |
| Conj | 3P | neg-3-know-neg-hab | dem | camp | 3-exit-hab-sub | dem-loc |
And he did not know that there was a camp there.
Y él no sabía que ese campamento se encontraba allí.
Children's Narrative C1 - Child
C1- Ha upéjave omangea la peteî kuña ha kuimba'e oho de picnic ha hikuái ho'úta Prospective Aspect hína la café ha omangea hese la ju'i akãhatã,la ikanástore, ha upejave opo la ikanástope ha la kuña ojagarráta Prospective Aspect la igalletita ha ojagarra algo ipóre, ha'e osenti algo la ojagarrahaSubordinator la ipóre ha upéjave opo hese ha omondýi chupekuéra la kuña ha la kuimba'épe.
Y en eso espió a una mujer y a un hombre que fueron de picnic y ellos iban a tomar café y les espiaba la rana traviesa, por su canasta, y en eso saltó a su canasta y la mujer iba a agarrar sus galletitas y agarró algo por la mano, y sintió que algo le agarraba por la mano y en eso le saltó y les asustó, a la mujer y al hombre.
Then it spotted a woman and a man out on a picnic and they were going to drink coffee and the mischievous frog spied them, by their basket, and then it jumped at their basket and the woman went to snatch away her cookies and grabbed something by the hand, and the frog felt something grab it by the hand and then it jumped out and scared them, the woman and the man.
C1- Upéjave ohecha la mitã'ípe ohugahaSubordinator ibárcore hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer ha upéjave ju'i he'i: aháta Prospective Aspect mba'e apo la mitã bárcope he'i, ha opo la mita'ĩ bárcope ha oñemondýi tuchaitei la mitã ha upéjave has'' ha ohenói isýpe ha ijava la ju'i akãhatãndi, ha upéjave opo la ju'i ha o vigilaa hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer chupekuéra, ha onohẽ la isy la barquito'i.
Y en eso saltó, y el hombre se asustó y se rió de la mujer y la mujer se enojó.
It jumped, and the man got scared and laughed at the woman and the woman got angry.
Children's Narrative C2 - Child
C2 - Ha ohechakuaa que la ojopihaSubordinator chupe la ikũme la káva la reina. Uperire peteî kuña ha iména osê ho'úta Prospective Aspect hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer kuriPast Morpheme tásape, ha uperire la ju'i akãhatã omaña la kanástore, o curioseaa hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer kuriPast Morpheme ha ojupíta Prospective Aspect hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer kuriPast Morpheme la kanástope. Ojupi, oñemo'a guĩve ha ojupi la kanástope.
Y se dió cuenta que le picó en su lengua la abeja reina. Después una señora y su marido salieron, iban a beber en la taza , y después la rana traviesa miraba el canasto, estaba curioseando e iba a subir al canasto Subió, se acercó y subió al canasto.
It realized that the queen bee had stung its tongue. Then a lady and her husband appeared, they were going to drink from a cup, and then the mischievous frog watched the basket, it was examining the basket, it was looking at it [with curiosity], was going to climb into the basket. It climbed up, got closer, and climbed into the basket.
Children's Narrative C11 - Child
Uperire oma'ẽ la mitã'íre ohugahaSubordinator la ivárkore[heve] ha upéi ju'i opo la ivárkope ha ho'a ha la mitã'i ipochy, la ju'i oma'ẽ hese ha la mitã'i hasẽ, ou la isy, opo'ẽ ýpe ha ohecha mba'éichapa la ju'i oma'ẽ hese. La isy o[gue]nohẽse la várko, la mitã'i oikuaase mba'épa o[gue]reko la ivárko.
Luego le miró al niño que jugaba con su barco y después la rana saltó a su barco y se cayó y el niño se enojó, la rana le miraba y el niño lloraba. Vino su mamá, metió la mano en el agua y vio como la rana le miraba. La mamá quería sacar el barco, el niño quería saber qué tenía su barco. [qué le había pasado a su barco ]
Then it looked at the boy playing with his boat and then the frog jumped on the boat and it fell over and the boy was angry, the frog was watchint and the boy was crying. His mom came, she put her hand into the water and saw how the frog was watching her. The mom wanted to take the boat out, the boy wanted to know what his boat had. [what had happened to his boat]
Children's Narrative C13 - Child
Upéi ojuhu peteĩ kuñakarai oleévaRelativizer libro hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer ha o[gue]reko peteĩ bebe ha peteĩ mbarakaja. Upéi oñemombo la ju'i la karrítope ha la kuñakarai ndohechái pero la mbarakaja ipochy. Upéi katu oprepara la biberón hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer ha ome'ẽta hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer la kuimba'e'ípe ha upéi kóicha ojapo la imamadéra [señalando con gesto que la puso de costado] ha ho'u chugui la ju'i ha ma'emi la mitã ipochyhaSubordinator... [señala al niño en la escena]
Después le encontró a una señora que estaba leyendo un libro y tenía un bebé y un gato. Luego la rana se lanzó al carrito y la señora no vio pero el gato se enojó, después sique estaba preparando el biberón y le iba a dar al niño y después hizo así la mamadera [señalando con gesto que la puso de costado] y tomó de ella la rana y mirá un poco como se enojó el niño... [señala al niño en la escena]
Then it found a woman that was reading a book and had a baby and a cat. Then the frog jumped on the baby carriage and the woman didn't see [it] but the cat got angry, then she was preparing the baby bottle and she was going to give [it] to the boy and then she moved the bottle like this [indicating how she moved it to the side] and the frog took it and look at how the boy got angry [indicates the boy in the scene].
Children's Narrative C15 - Child
C15 - Ha ko karai [señalando en la escena del cuento] oikytĩmba chuguikuéra la ipálokuéra. Ha'ekuéra okañy peteĩ kuápe, porque opensa kuriPast Morpheme que ojukáta Prospective Aspect-haSubordinator chupekuéra ha ikyhyje. Otrosapa chuguikuéra ipálo ha ndovy'ái, karai o[gue]reko hácha ha upéape oitypa la palo kuéra, ha'ekuéra omaña hese. Upéi karai kuéra oguerahámaAspect / Focalizer (Already) la kamión-pe la jepe'a.
Y este señor, [señalando en la escena del cuento] les cortó sus árboles. Ellos se escondieron en un hoyo, porque pensaron que les iban a matar y tenían miedo. Cortaron todos sus árboles y estaban tristes. El señor tenía un hacha y con eso echó todos los árboles; ellos le miraban. Luego los señores ya llevaron la leña en el camión.
And this man, [indicating the scene from the story] cut their trees. They hid in a hole, because they thought that they were going to be killed and they were scared. They cut down all the trees and they were sad. The man had an axe and he cut all the trees with it; they were watching him. Then the men took the wood in the truck.
Children's Narrative C17 - Child
C17 - Pini ha Kuri'i ha'e mokõi kure'i oikóva Chákope; ha'ekuéra iñakãhatã. Peteĩ díape okañy hikuái ha ohecha tapére túna ha ho'u hikuái . Upéi hikuái ohendu la ruido, la kamion , ha okañy pálo kupépe omaña haguãIrrealis 'ha' Subordinator ha upéi hikuái opyta ikyhyje la palo kupépe ohendu la okororõvaRelativizer ha ohecha hikuái la karai kuéra mba'éichapa oity la pálo ha ombyasy hikuái la oityhaSubordinator chuguikuéra la ipálo. Ha upépe he'i Pini Kuri'ípe: ñakañy pósope ha okañy ohendu porãve haguãIrrealis 'ha' Subordinator hikuái. Upépe oryrýi okyhyjégui, ha'ekuéra oimo'ã umi oúvaRelativizer ojukáta Prospective Aspect-haSubordinator chupekuéra. Upéi osẽ la pósogui ha otopa palo ho'amaAspect / Focalizer (Already) va'ekue Distal Perfect Aspectmante. La karai ohachea la palo ha la paharíto ombyasy la haity ha la karai oikytĩnte hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer la palo ogueraha haguã.Irrealis 'ha' Subordinator Upéi katu oguerahámaAspect / Focalizer (Already) kamión-pe la palo kuéra. Uperire oñomongeta hikuái Pini ha Kuri'i ha hasẽ, ombyasy la ojeguerahapa hagueTerminative Subordinator la palo kuéra, omaña hikuái mbai'éichapa la kamión oho mombyry ha opyta polvareda mante
Pini y Kuri'i son dos cerditos que vivían en el Chaco, ellos eran traviesos. Un día se perdieron y vieron tunas en el camino y se las comieron. Después ellos escucharon un ruido, el camión, y se escondieron detrás del árbol para mirar y luego ellos quedaron temerosos detrás del árbol, escuchaban que algo roncaba y vieron cómo los señores echaban los árboles y sentían pena porque se les echaban los árboles. Y ahí Pini le dijo a Kuri'i: escondámonos en el pozo y se escondieron para poder escuchar mejor. Ahí temblaban de miedo, ellos creían que esos que venían les iban a matar. Después salieron del pozo y solo encontraron árboles que se habían caído. El señor hacheaba los árboles y el pajarito lamentaba su nido y el señor seguía cortando el árbol para llevar. Luego ya llevó sique al camión los árboles. Luego Pini y Kuri'i conversaban y lloraban, lamentaban que se les había llevado los árboles, miraban cómo el camión iba lejos y solo quedaba la polvareda.
Pini and Kuri'i are two piglets that lived in Gran Chaco, they were mischievous. One day they got lost and saw cacti on the way and they ate them. Then they heard a noise, the truck, and they hid behind the tree to watch and then they were trembling behind the tree, they listened as something roared and they saw the men cutting down the trees and they felt sadness because the trees were being cut down. And at that point Pini told Kuri'i: let's hide in the well and they hid to be able to listen better. They were shaking there because they were scared, they thought that they were going to kill them. Then they left the well and only found trees that had fallen. The man chopped down the trees and the little bird cried in its nest and the man kept cutting down the tree to take away. Then he carried the trees to the truck. Then Pini and Kuri'i talked and cried, they were sad that the trees had been taken away, they watched as the truck went away and only a cloud of dust was left.
Children's Narrative C18 - Child
C18 - Ha'e mokõi kure'i vaRelativizer upé[ru]ipi iñakãhatã, okañy peteĩ lugárpe ha otopa túna ha ho'u hikuái. Ohendu la ruido ha okañy árbol kupépe, oikuaase mba 'épa la oú[v]aRelativizer ha ohecha hikuái peteĩ kamion ha ikyhyje hikuái. Otopa peteĩ póso ha okañy hikuái porque opensa ojukata Prospective Aspect-haSubordinator chupekuéra umi karai ha oryrýi opopo porque ikyhyjeterei hikuái.
Eran dos cerditos que andaban por ahí haciendo travesuras, se perdieron en un lugar y encontraron tunas y comieron. Escucharon un ruido y se escondieron detrás del árbol, querían saber qué era lo que venía y ellos vieron un camión y tenían miedo. Encontraron un pozo y se escondieron porque pensaron que les iban a matar a ellos esos señores y temblaban porque tenían demasiado miedo.
There were two piglets that were walking by, doing mischief, they got lost in a place and found cacti and ate [them]. They heard a noise and hid behind a tree, they wanted to know what was coming and they saw a truck and were scared. They found a well and hid because they thought that the men were going to kill them, and they were shaking because they were really scared.
Children's Narrative C24 - Child
C24 - Ohecha peteĩ karríto, peteĩ kuñakarai ha peteĩ gato, karrito'ípe oĩ bebe'i ha upéi ju'i opo ha la míchi oñandu opo hagueTerminative Subordinator, la kuñakarai oleente hína, Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer la ju'i ohecha la mitã'i oĩhaSubordinator la ikarrítope ha la kuñakarai ome'ẽta Prospective Aspect bebe 'ípe la ibiberon ha ome'ẽmo'ãite ju'ípe ha aimetete ho'u ju'i la kamby, la míchi opo, la kuñakarai oñemondýi ha la mitã hasẽ. OitýmaAspect / Focalizer (Already) katu la karríto la míchi ha ju'i opo. Upépe ojagarra chupe ipýgui ha ojapete chupe yvýre.
[La rana] Vio un carrito, una señora y un gato, en el carrito estaba un bebé y después la rana saltó y el gato sintió que habia saltado, la señora leía nomas, la rana vio que el niño estaba en su carrito y la señora iba a darle la bebé el biberón y estuvo a punto de darle a la rana y casi casi la rana tomó la leche, el gato saltó, la señora se asustó y el niño lloró. El gato ya tumbó sique el carrito y la rana saltó. Ahí le agarró de su pie y le tiró al suelo.
It [the frog] saw a carriage, a woman and a cat, in the carriage was a baby and then the frog jumped and the cat sensed that it had jumped, the woman was just reading, the frog saw that the boy was in his carriage and the woman was going to give the baby the bottle and she was about to give it to the frog and the frog almost took the milk, the cat jumped, the woman got scared and the boy cried. The cat knocked over the carriage and the frog jumped out. There it [the cat] grabbed its [the frog's] leg and threw it to the ground.
Children's Narrative C34 - Child
C34 - Ha upéi opilla hikuái ha'ehaSubordinator karai oitysévaRelativizer la yvyramáta kuera ha upépe katu ikyhyjetevéntemaAspect / Focalizer (Already) Pini ha Kuri'i. Jahekána peteĩ póso jaike haguãIrrealis 'ha' Subordinator, he'i Kuri'i, no, ápente japyta Prospective Aspect, he'i Pini, ñakirirĩeténte, he'i, ha ikyhyjeterei lo do véa. Upéi omaña hikuái ha ohecha mba'éichapa oity hikuái la yvyramáta háchape ha la paharíto raity entero oitypa la karai.
Y luego se dieron cuenta que eran unos señores que querían echar los árboles y ahí sique Pini y Kuri'i tenían más miedo aún. Busquemos un pozo para entrar, dijo Kuri'i; no, quedémonos aquí nomás, dijo Pini, quedémonos callados nomás dijo y ambos tenían mucho miedo. Luego miraron y vieron cómo derribaban los árboles con hacha y todos los nidos de los pajaritos echaban los señores.
And then they realized that they were men that wanted to throw down the trees and there Pini and Kuri'I were even more scared. Let's find a well to go into, said Kuri'I; no, let's stay there, said Pini, let's us just stay quiet and both were very scared. Then they looked and they how they were throwing down the trees with an axe and even the birds' nests the men were throwing down.
Children's Narrative C34 - Teacher
Ovichea hikuái mombyry guive, ikyhyjeteri anga mokõivéva, ha 'ekuéra ndoikuaái mba 'épa la oikóva hína Continuitive Aspect / Focalizer upépe.Peichaháguinte mokôivéva ohecha oúhaSubordinator oitývaRelativizer yvyra máta ha oñembyasy hikuái pe oikóvaRelativizer-re. He'i Kuri'i: jahána ñakañy yvy guýpe mba'e, porque ápe ñande topáta Prospective Aspect angaite he'i Pinípe, ha he'i chupe Pini: no, epytaitéke, epytaitéke ko'ápe porque remýi ha ñanderecháta Prospective Aspect, aníke ni esuspira hatã, he'i chupe, ha upépe ojave ojoehe hikuái. Japytaite ko'ápe ha ñakirirĩnte, ani ñanderecha terã ñane'andu mba'e hikuái, he'i ojupe.
Espiaban desde lejos, pobrecitos, tenían demasiado miedo, ellos no sabían qué era lo que estaba pasando allí. De repente, ambos vieron que habían venido a derribar los árboles y se entristecieron por lo que estaba ocurriendo. Kuri'i le dijo a Pini : vamos a escondernos debajo de la tierra o que, porque acá nos van a encontrar enseguida y Pini le dijo: no, quedate, quedate aquí, porque te movés y van a vernos, ni siquiera suspires fuerte le dijo, y ahí se acercaron más el uno al otro. Quedémonos aquí y estemos callados, que no nos vean o no nos sientan o que, se dijeron.
They were spying from afar, poor things they were very frightened; they did not know what was happening there. All of a sudden, both saw that they came to throw down the tress and they saddened by what was happening. Kuri'i said: let's go hid under the earth or what, because here they will find us soon, he said to Pini, and Pini said to him: no, stay, stay here, because you move and they will see us, don't even breath hard, he said to him, and they got closer one to the other. Let's stay here and let's be silent, so that they do not see us or feel us, they said to each other.